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layered circles showing gender presentation, hender expression, gender identity, and sex assigned at birth

GENDER IDENTITY & PRONOUNS

Cultures change over time, and the words we use to refer and relate to each other also shift, adapting to encompass new concepts and ideas within society. Recent examples of this change in rhetoric might include "retard" or "negro." Pronouns are no exception. Gender identity isn’t an easy topic to understand, and neither is the use of pronouns. Sometimes we need to unlearn some of our old ideas about what it is so that we can really get what gender is all about (The Trevor Project). Although the concept of gender is uncomfortable and controversial for some, it is incumbent upon all of us to make a conscious effort to understand it and, ultimately, respect every individual's chosen gender and pronouns.

Last Updated 9/1/23

Common Arguments & Resources

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Cost

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Deterrence

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Innocence

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Racial Bias

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REFERENCES

Bearak, J., Popinchalk, A., Ganatra, B., Moller, A.-B., Tunçalp, Ö., Beavin, C., Kwok, L., & Alkema, L. (2020). Unintended

pregnancy and abortion by income, region, and the legal status of abortion: Estimates from a comprehensive model for 1990–2019. The Lancet Global Health, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30315-6

Brennan Center for Justice at NYU Law. (Sep. 2022). Roe v. wade and supreme court abortion cases. 

https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/roe-v-wade-and-supreme-court-abortion-cases#:~:text=In%20Roe%20v.,on%20the%20stage%20of%20pregnancy

Burbank, M, & Kwong, E. (May 2022). A landmark study tracks the lasting effect of having an abortion — or being denied one.

NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/05/15/1098347992/a-landmark-study-tracks-the-lasting-effect-of-having-an-abortion-or-being-denied

Clayton, E. W., Embí, P. J., & Malin, B. A. (2022). Dobbs and the future of health data privacy for patients and

healthcare organizations. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 30(1), 155–160. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocac155

Eugene Declercq et al. (Dec. 2022). How new State Abortion Bans and Restrictions Could Worsen Access to Maternal Care

and Health Outcomes. Commonwealth Fund. https://doi.org/10.26099/z7dz-8211

Ganatra, B., Gerdts, C., Rossier, C., Johnson, B. R., Jr, Tunçalp, Ö., Assifi, A., Sedgh, G., Singh, S., Bankole, A., Popinchalk, A.,

Bearak, J., Kang, Z., & Alkema, L. (2017). Global, regional, and subregional classification of abortions by safety, 2010-14: estimates from a Bayesian hierarchical model. Lancet (London, England), 390(10110), 2372–2381. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31794-4

Linebaugh. C. (Jul 2022). Abortion, data privacy, and law enforcement access: a legal overview. Congressional

Research Service. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10786

Percival, Kelly. (Nov. 2021). Religion must not substitute science in the abortion debate. Brennan Center for Justice at NYU

Law. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/religion-must-not-substitute-science-abortion-debate

 

Population Reference Bureau. (Dec. 2021). Black women over three times more likely to die in pregnancy,

postpartum than white women, new research finds. https://www.prb.org/resources/black-women-over-three-times-more-likely-to-die-in-pregnancy-postpartum-than-white-women-new-research-finds/

Sellers F.S., & Nirappil, F. (Jul. 2022). Confusion post-Roe spurs delays, denials for some lifesaving pregnancy care.

Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/07/16/abortion-miscarriage-ectopic-pregnancy-care/

Upadhyay, U. D. PhD, MPH; Desai, S. MPH; Zlidar, V. MHS; Weitz, T. A. PhD, MPA; Grossman, D. MD; Anderson, P. MPH; Taylor, D.

PhD, RNP. (Jan. 2015). Incidence of Emergency Department Visits and Complications After Abortion. Obstetrics & Gynecology 125(1). 175-183. https://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Fulltext/2015/01000/Incidence_of_Emergency_Department_Visits_and.29.aspx

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